TY - JOUR TI - Chronotype and Cancer: Emerging Relation Between Chrononutrition and Oncology from Human Studies A1 - Godos, Justyna A1 - Currenti, Walter A1 - Ferri, Raffaele A1 - Lanza, Giuseppe A1 - Caraci, Filippo A1 - Frias-Toral, Evelyn A1 - Guglielmetti, Monica A1 - Ferraris, Cinzia A1 - Lipari, Vivian A1 - Carvajal Altamiranda, StefanÃa A1 - Galvano, Fabio A1 - Castellano, Sabrina A1 - Grosso, Giuseppe N2 - Fasting?feeding timing is a crucial pattern implicated in the regulation of daily circadian rhythms. The interplay between sleep and meal timing underscores the importance of maintaining circadian alignment in order to avoid creating a metabolic environment conducive to carcinogenesis following the molecular and systemic disruption of metabolic performance and immune function. The chronicity of such a condition may support the initiation and progression of cancer through a variety of mechanisms, including increased oxidative stress, immune suppression, and the activation of proliferative signaling pathways. This review aims to summarize current evidence from human studies and provide an overview of the potential mechanisms underscoring the role of chrononutrition (including time-restricted eating) on cancer risk. Current evidence shows that the morning chronotype, suggesting an alignment between physiological circadian rhythms and eating timing, is associated with a lower risk of cancer. Also, early time-restricted eating and prolonged nighttime fasting were also associated with a lower risk of cancer. The current evidence suggests that the chronotype influences cancer risk through cell cycle regulation, the modulation of metabolic pathways and inflammation, and gut microbiota fluctuations. In conclusion, although there are no clear guidelines on this matter, emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that the role of time-related eating (i.e., time/calorie-restricted feeding and intermittent/periodic fasting) could potentially lead to a reduced risk of cancer. IS - 3 N1 - chronotype; sleep; time-restricted eating; circadian rhythm; metabolic dysregulation; gut microbiota; cancer ID - uninimx16759 AV - public SN - 2072-6643 Y1 - 2025/01// VL - 17 UR - http://doi.org/10.3390/nu17030529 JF - Nutrients ER -