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primary topic: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults
type: AcademicArticle
type: Article
abstract: Background: Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is viewed as a transitional stage between normal brain aging and dementia and is characterized by subtle cognitive deficits without significant impairment in daily functioning. Growing evidence supports the contribution of neuroinflammation and modifiable lifestyle factors, including diet, in the progression of cognitive decline.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet, neuroinflammatory biomarkers, and MCI status in older adults.Design: Ninety-two participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study, including 37 subjects with MCI. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and adherence to the Mediterranean diet explored through the MedDietScore. Plasma levels of TGF-β1 and TNF-α were measured by ELISA. Cognitive status was evaluated using the Mini Mental Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), both adjusted for age and education. Statistical analyses included non-parametric tests, correlation analysis, and logistic regression models.Results: MCI patients showed significantly reduced plasma levels of TGF-β1 and increased TNF-α concentrations compared to other participants. After adjustment for potential confounding factors, greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower likelihood of MCI in a dose–response manner (highest versus lowest adherence quartile, odds ratio: 0.07, 95% confidence interval: 0.01–0.60). Additional adjustment for inflammatory biomarkers attenuated the associations, suggesting a potential mediating role.Conclusion: Our findings showed that higher adherence to Mediterranean diet is associated with lower likelihood of being MCI. Such a relation might be, at least in part, mediated by inflammatory biomarkers. Overall, these results support the role of dietary modulation in preventive strategies against cognitive decline and progression into MCI.
date: 2026-04
volume: 13
is part of: Frontiers in Nutrition
status: peerReviewed
status: published
author list: authors
type: EPrint
type: ArticleEPrint
is part of: repository
has document: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults (Texto)
has document: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults (Otro)
subject: Psychology
subject: Nutrition

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults (Texto)
type: Document
has file: fnut-13-1809163.pdf
has part: fnut-13-1809163.pdf

Frontiers in Nutrition
type: Collection
issn: 2296861X

Giuseppe Lanza
type: Person
given name: Giuseppe
family name: Lanza

Lucrezia Costanzo
type: Person
given name: Lucrezia
family name: Costanzo

Giuseppe Toscano
type: Person
given name: Giuseppe
family name: Toscano

Raffaele Ferri
type: Person
given name: Raffaele
family name: Ferri

Stefano Muratore
type: Person
given name: Stefano
family name: Muratore

Marco Antonio Olvera-Moreira
type: Person
given name: Marco Antonio
family name: Olvera-Moreira

Lisandra León Brizuela
type: Person
given name: Lisandra
family name: León Brizuela

Veronica Bentivegna
type: Person
given name: Veronica
family name: Bentivegna

Raynier Zambrano-Villacres
type: Person
given name: Raynier
family name: Zambrano-Villacres

Annamaria Fidilio
type: Person
given name: Annamaria
family name: Fidilio

Margherita Drago
type: Person
given name: Margherita
family name: Drago

Francesca L’Episcopo
type: Person
given name: Francesca
family name: L’Episcopo

Filippo Caraci
type: Person
given name: Filippo
family name: Caraci

Sabrina Musso
type: Person
given name: Sabrina
family name: Musso

Melannie Toral-Noristz
type: Person
given name: Melannie
family name: Toral-Noristz

Margherita Grasso
type: Person
given name: Margherita
family name: Grasso

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults (Otro)
type: Document
is version of: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults (Texto)
is volatile version of: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults (Texto)
is index codes version of: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults (Texto)
has file: indexcodes.txt
has part: indexcodes.txt

HTML Summary of #28563 Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults
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primary topic: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, inflammatory biomarkers and cognitive status in older Italian adults

Psychology
type: Concept
preferred label: Psicología @es

Nutrition
type: Concept
preferred label: Alimentación @es