Determinación del aporte de carbono en suelos con cultivos anuales, semi perennes y perennes en comparación con un bosque en La FEIMA, Turrialba, Costa Rica
Tesis
Materias > Ingeniería
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Docencia > Trabajos finales de Máster
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Docencia > Trabajos finales de Máster
Cerrado
Español
Según Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura (IICA, 2015), en Costa Rica se ocupa un 41,7% del territorio en actividades agropecuarias. Las mismas han sido señaladas por su fuerte emisión de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI); sin embargo, dicha actividad promueve la formación de reservorios de carbono en el suelo. Por medio de la producción de materia seca neta fotosíntesis y su posterior deposición como materia orgánica; esto causa una relación entre la ganadería y el cambio climático, al lograr que parte de los GEI se depositen en el suelo.Se realizaron comparaciones entre tres diferentes usos de suelo (bosque, cultivos perenes, semi perennes y anuales) por medio de calicatas. Se dio a conocer el porcentaje de carbono, densidad aparente y carbono orgánico total del suelo a cada 20 cm de profundidad en cada calicata. Se tenía el conocimiento que podían existir diferencias entre los diferentes escenarios, sin embargo, la intención del proyecto fue conocer el cuanto, en un tiempo definido, dependiendo del uso de suelo. El estudio se realizó en la finca FEIMA-Turrialba, Costa Rica; en un suelo Anthrosol con una particularidad, el cual el material parental, viene de otro sitio, precisamente donde se encuentra la represa de Angostura, en Turrialba, Cartago, Costa Rica. El material en su momento llegó por medio de maquinaria y el ser humano hace aproximadamente 20 años. Ha sido del mismo propietario y el uso al suelo ha sido el mismo desde que se formó. Esta particularidad permitió definir y realizar una comparación en igualdad de condiciones y tiempo en los diferentes escenarios. El suelo con la cobertura de cultivo semi perenne (banano), fue el obtuvo mayor porcentaje de carbono en los primeros 20 cm, seguidamente por los cultivos anuales. En cuanto la variable de la densidad aparente, no hubo diferencias significativas en ninguna comparación de las coberturas. Obteniendo resultados entre 1.1-1.3 g/cm3 indicando que no hay compactación en el suelo sin importar la cobertura en donde se encuentre. En referencia al carbono orgánico total, cobertura con cultivo semi perenne fue el que obtuvo mayor cantidad de COS, un total de 169 ton/ha, seguido por los cultivos anuales de 154 ton/ha.
metadata
Rojas Solano, Jennifer
mail
jrsolano93@hotmail.com
(2022)
Determinación del aporte de carbono en suelos con cultivos anuales, semi perennes y perennes en comparación con un bosque en La FEIMA, Turrialba, Costa Rica.
Masters thesis, SIN ESPECIFICAR.
Resumen
Según Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura (IICA, 2015), en Costa Rica se ocupa un 41,7% del territorio en actividades agropecuarias. Las mismas han sido señaladas por su fuerte emisión de gases de efecto invernadero (GEI); sin embargo, dicha actividad promueve la formación de reservorios de carbono en el suelo. Por medio de la producción de materia seca neta fotosíntesis y su posterior deposición como materia orgánica; esto causa una relación entre la ganadería y el cambio climático, al lograr que parte de los GEI se depositen en el suelo.Se realizaron comparaciones entre tres diferentes usos de suelo (bosque, cultivos perenes, semi perennes y anuales) por medio de calicatas. Se dio a conocer el porcentaje de carbono, densidad aparente y carbono orgánico total del suelo a cada 20 cm de profundidad en cada calicata. Se tenía el conocimiento que podían existir diferencias entre los diferentes escenarios, sin embargo, la intención del proyecto fue conocer el cuanto, en un tiempo definido, dependiendo del uso de suelo. El estudio se realizó en la finca FEIMA-Turrialba, Costa Rica; en un suelo Anthrosol con una particularidad, el cual el material parental, viene de otro sitio, precisamente donde se encuentra la represa de Angostura, en Turrialba, Cartago, Costa Rica. El material en su momento llegó por medio de maquinaria y el ser humano hace aproximadamente 20 años. Ha sido del mismo propietario y el uso al suelo ha sido el mismo desde que se formó. Esta particularidad permitió definir y realizar una comparación en igualdad de condiciones y tiempo en los diferentes escenarios. El suelo con la cobertura de cultivo semi perenne (banano), fue el obtuvo mayor porcentaje de carbono en los primeros 20 cm, seguidamente por los cultivos anuales. En cuanto la variable de la densidad aparente, no hubo diferencias significativas en ninguna comparación de las coberturas. Obteniendo resultados entre 1.1-1.3 g/cm3 indicando que no hay compactación en el suelo sin importar la cobertura en donde se encuentre. En referencia al carbono orgánico total, cobertura con cultivo semi perenne fue el que obtuvo mayor cantidad de COS, un total de 169 ton/ha, seguido por los cultivos anuales de 154 ton/ha.
| Tipo de Documento: | Tesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Palabras Clave: | Carbono, sumidero de carbono, dinámica del carbono en el suelo, captura de carbono. |
| Clasificación temática: | Materias > Ingeniería |
| Divisiones: | Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Docencia > Trabajos finales de Máster Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Docencia > Trabajos finales de Máster |
| Depositado: | 07 Dic 2023 23:30 |
| Ultima Modificación: | 07 Dic 2023 23:30 |
| URI: | https://repositorio.unini.edu.mx/id/eprint/2552 |
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