Evaluación de estilos de vida y estado nutricional en adolescentes de 13 a 15 años de edad de la Ciudad de Mendoza – Argentina.
Tesis
Materias > Alimentación
Materias > Educación física y el deporte
Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Docencia > Trabajos finales de Máster
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Docencia > Trabajos finales de Máster
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El sobrepeso y la obesidad en todas las edades es una epidemia en aumento a nivel mundial, con cifras alarmantes, constituyéndose en uno de los principales problemas de salud pública. El sobrepeso, la obesidad, y las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles representan la principal causa de muerte y discapacidad en la Región de las Américas. Los determinantes sociales y estilos de vida tienen un rol fundamental, y estos asociados al sobrepeso y obesidad, tienen consecuencias graves para la salud, y las mismas se desarrollan cada vez más en etapas tempranas de la vida. Se afecta la salud psico-física actual, el nivel educativo que se puede alcanzar, y la calidad de vida; generando mayores probabilidades de continuar siendo personas obesas en la edad adulta y presentar mayor riesgo de padecer enfermedades no transmisibles. La globalización ha influido en los patrones alimentarios y en el cambio de hábitos de vida saludables. Una alimentación en la que predomina la comida rápida, la ingesta de ultra procesados, escasa actividad física, disminución de las horas de sueño, y la incorporación de las nuevas tecnologías que conllevan mayor exposición a pantallas, es parte de los escenarios en los que se encuentran inmersos infantes y adolescentes. La infancia y adolescencia constituyen períodos vulnerables y de cambios fisiológicos, psicológicos y conductuales, que condicionan el desarrollo de hábitos saludables; por eso resulta de interés evaluar los estilos de vida y la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes. Para ello se aplicó un cuestionario de hábitos saludables y antropometría en 186 adolescentes de 12 a 15 años de edad, en un colegio en la provincia de Mendoza. Detectando que el 43% de la muestra presenta sobrepeso y obesidad por IMC, y un 32,3% riesgo de obesidad abdominal y obesidad abdominal por Circunferencia Abdominal. En relación a los hábitos evaluados en base al cuestionario aplicado, se observó que los participantes con exceso de peso demostraron tener hábitos poco saludables, mientras que las mayores diferencias se observaron en las dimensiones de actividad física y entorno. Se puede concluir que cerca de la mitad de los participantes presenta riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles por el diagnóstico actual obtenido a partir de la antropometría y cuestionario, lo que determina la necesidad de generar acciones que permitan mejorar su salud, las cuales deben ser desarrolladas involucrándolos, como así también a la familia y el entorno escolar, siendo éste un lugar clave para intervenir y apoyar comportamientos saludables, entre los cuales se debe promover fuertemente la actividad física.
metadata
Zavaroni Gorri, Natalia Lorena
mail
nataliazavaroni@hotmail.com
(2022)
Evaluación de estilos de vida y estado nutricional en adolescentes de 13 a 15 años de edad de la Ciudad de Mendoza – Argentina.
Masters thesis, SIN ESPECIFICAR.
Resumen
El sobrepeso y la obesidad en todas las edades es una epidemia en aumento a nivel mundial, con cifras alarmantes, constituyéndose en uno de los principales problemas de salud pública. El sobrepeso, la obesidad, y las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles representan la principal causa de muerte y discapacidad en la Región de las Américas. Los determinantes sociales y estilos de vida tienen un rol fundamental, y estos asociados al sobrepeso y obesidad, tienen consecuencias graves para la salud, y las mismas se desarrollan cada vez más en etapas tempranas de la vida. Se afecta la salud psico-física actual, el nivel educativo que se puede alcanzar, y la calidad de vida; generando mayores probabilidades de continuar siendo personas obesas en la edad adulta y presentar mayor riesgo de padecer enfermedades no transmisibles. La globalización ha influido en los patrones alimentarios y en el cambio de hábitos de vida saludables. Una alimentación en la que predomina la comida rápida, la ingesta de ultra procesados, escasa actividad física, disminución de las horas de sueño, y la incorporación de las nuevas tecnologías que conllevan mayor exposición a pantallas, es parte de los escenarios en los que se encuentran inmersos infantes y adolescentes. La infancia y adolescencia constituyen períodos vulnerables y de cambios fisiológicos, psicológicos y conductuales, que condicionan el desarrollo de hábitos saludables; por eso resulta de interés evaluar los estilos de vida y la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes. Para ello se aplicó un cuestionario de hábitos saludables y antropometría en 186 adolescentes de 12 a 15 años de edad, en un colegio en la provincia de Mendoza. Detectando que el 43% de la muestra presenta sobrepeso y obesidad por IMC, y un 32,3% riesgo de obesidad abdominal y obesidad abdominal por Circunferencia Abdominal. En relación a los hábitos evaluados en base al cuestionario aplicado, se observó que los participantes con exceso de peso demostraron tener hábitos poco saludables, mientras que las mayores diferencias se observaron en las dimensiones de actividad física y entorno. Se puede concluir que cerca de la mitad de los participantes presenta riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles por el diagnóstico actual obtenido a partir de la antropometría y cuestionario, lo que determina la necesidad de generar acciones que permitan mejorar su salud, las cuales deben ser desarrolladas involucrándolos, como así también a la familia y el entorno escolar, siendo éste un lugar clave para intervenir y apoyar comportamientos saludables, entre los cuales se debe promover fuertemente la actividad física.
| Tipo de Documento: | Tesis (Masters) |
|---|---|
| Palabras Clave: | Sobrepeso, obesidad, hábitos, enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, adolescentes. |
| Clasificación temática: | Materias > Alimentación Materias > Educación física y el deporte |
| Divisiones: | Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Docencia > Trabajos finales de Máster Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Docencia > Trabajos finales de Máster |
| Depositado: | 14 Mar 2024 23:30 |
| Ultima Modificación: | 14 Mar 2024 23:30 |
| URI: | https://repositorio.unini.edu.mx/id/eprint/2532 |
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