Intervención Educativa para la Prevención de Disfunciones del Piso Pélvico en Mujeres en Tratamiento por Cáncer Ginecológico: Adherencia y Efectividad Clínica
Tesis
Materias > Psicología
Materias > Educación
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Tesis Doctorales
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Introducción: Las intervenciones sanitarias preventivas requieren la modificación de conductas en las personas. Una de las teorías de aprendizaje más utilizadas para la modificación de comportamiento en salud es la Teoría Socio Cognitiva, que fundamenta esta propuesta. Objetivo: Analizar la adherencia y efectividad clínica de una intervención educativa para prevenir disfunciones de piso pélvico en mujeres con cáncer ginecológico. Método: Estudio mixto explicativo secuencial. Se reclutaron 53 mujeres en tratamiento antineoplásico por cáncer ginecológico, quienes asistieron a sesiones educativas para instrucción de ejercicios de piso pélvico y uso de dilatadores vaginales en domicilio. Se realizó una sesión pre-radioterapia, una sesión al mes post-radioterapia y una tercera sesión cuatro meses post-radioterapia; consignan-do datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. Se realizó un examen físico para evaluar función de piso pélvico y se aplicaron cuestionarios: ICIQ-SF para incontinencia urinaria, EORTC QLQ-C30 y CX24 para calidad de vida y función sexual, y un cuestionario de Autoeficacia y Expectativa de Resultados, traducido y adaptado durante este estudio. Se exploraron barreras y facilitadores de adherencia mediante entrevista semiestructurada. Los datos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva, inferencial y análisis temático.Resultados: La autoeficacia fue predictora de adherencia. La adherencia fue moderada (45,2%) a los 6 meses de seguimiento. La intervención educativa fue eficaz en el mantenimiento de función de piso pélvico y la calidad de vida en las mujeres adherentes. Se encontraron más facilitadores que barreras en las mujeres adherentes, destacando la alta motivación. La retroalimentación del médico fue facilitador cuando estaba presente o barrera cuando estaba ausente. Conclusión: La autoeficacia fue predictora de adherencia a la práctica de ejercicios del piso pélvico. La intervención educativa fue eficaz para mantener o mejo-rar las variables clínicas estudiadas. Se sugiere que barreras y facilitadores encontrados sean considerados al implementar programas de reeducación del piso pélvico en población con cáncer ginecológico.
metadata
Araya Castro, Paulina Andrea
mail
pauli.ac2010@gmail.com
(2022)
Intervención Educativa para la Prevención de Disfunciones del Piso Pélvico en Mujeres en Tratamiento por Cáncer Ginecológico: Adherencia y Efectividad Clínica.
Doctoral thesis, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México.
Resumen
Introducción: Las intervenciones sanitarias preventivas requieren la modificación de conductas en las personas. Una de las teorías de aprendizaje más utilizadas para la modificación de comportamiento en salud es la Teoría Socio Cognitiva, que fundamenta esta propuesta. Objetivo: Analizar la adherencia y efectividad clínica de una intervención educativa para prevenir disfunciones de piso pélvico en mujeres con cáncer ginecológico. Método: Estudio mixto explicativo secuencial. Se reclutaron 53 mujeres en tratamiento antineoplásico por cáncer ginecológico, quienes asistieron a sesiones educativas para instrucción de ejercicios de piso pélvico y uso de dilatadores vaginales en domicilio. Se realizó una sesión pre-radioterapia, una sesión al mes post-radioterapia y una tercera sesión cuatro meses post-radioterapia; consignan-do datos sociodemográficos y clínicos. Se realizó un examen físico para evaluar función de piso pélvico y se aplicaron cuestionarios: ICIQ-SF para incontinencia urinaria, EORTC QLQ-C30 y CX24 para calidad de vida y función sexual, y un cuestionario de Autoeficacia y Expectativa de Resultados, traducido y adaptado durante este estudio. Se exploraron barreras y facilitadores de adherencia mediante entrevista semiestructurada. Los datos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva, inferencial y análisis temático.Resultados: La autoeficacia fue predictora de adherencia. La adherencia fue moderada (45,2%) a los 6 meses de seguimiento. La intervención educativa fue eficaz en el mantenimiento de función de piso pélvico y la calidad de vida en las mujeres adherentes. Se encontraron más facilitadores que barreras en las mujeres adherentes, destacando la alta motivación. La retroalimentación del médico fue facilitador cuando estaba presente o barrera cuando estaba ausente. Conclusión: La autoeficacia fue predictora de adherencia a la práctica de ejercicios del piso pélvico. La intervención educativa fue eficaz para mantener o mejo-rar las variables clínicas estudiadas. Se sugiere que barreras y facilitadores encontrados sean considerados al implementar programas de reeducación del piso pélvico en población con cáncer ginecológico.
| Tipo de Documento: | Tesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Palabras Clave: | ejercicios de piso pélvico, prehabilitación, autoeficacia, educación en salud, cáncer ginecológico |
| Clasificación temática: | Materias > Psicología Materias > Educación |
| Divisiones: | Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Tesis Doctorales |
| Depositado: | 26 Sep 2023 23:30 |
| Ultima Modificación: | 26 Sep 2023 23:30 |
| URI: | https://repositorio.unini.edu.mx/id/eprint/3402 |
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