Efecto de un programa de educación en hábitos saludables sobre el estado nutricional y la predisposición al cambio de comportamientos en hábitos alimentarios y actividad física, en trabajadores de una empresa Procesadora de Alimentos en Ecuador durante pandemia por Covid-19
Tesis Materias > Alimentación Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Tesis Doctorales Cerrado Español Los principales factores de riesgo de obesidad entre los trabajadores administrativos son la mala alimentación y la inactividad física. De alguna manera los costos relacionados con los servicios de salud, la productividad y el ausentismo se ven afectados. Por tanto, crear estrategias de formación en hábitos saludables en el entorno laboral puede ser una alternativa útil. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de un programa de educación virtual en hábitos saludables sobre el estado nutricional y la predisposición al cambio de comportamientos alimentarios y de actividad física en trabajadores administrativos durante confinamiento. Metodología: Investigación cuasi-experimental con un diseño pre-test y post-test. La participación fue voluntaria con una muestra de 203 personas firmaron el consentimiento informado. La evaluación utilizó tres cuestionarios: 1) Incluye datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos (IMC, grasa corporal, masa muscular, grasa visceral) y la encuesta de cambio de comportamiento (CEHAF) basado en el Modelo Prochaska. 2) Índice de Alimentación saludable de acuerdo con las Guías Alimentarias para Ecuador (IAS Ecuador) para evaluar la calidad de la dieta y 3) Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad física IPAQ para evaluar la actividad física. Se formaron grupos de 19 a 30 integrantes. Cada grupo recibió talleres virtuales. El programa integra 4 módulos: 1. Introducción a la Vida Saludable, 2. Nutrición, 3. Gastronomía, 4. Actividad física. Resultados: El sobrepeso disminuyó de 47,3% a 44,8% y la obesidad de 30,6% a 18,7% post-test. En relación al IAS Ecuador la proporción de personas con sobrepeso y alimentación saludable, cambió de 14.58% a 60,4%. Las personas obesas con alimentación saludable cambiaron de 12,9% a 57,9% post-test. La proporción de personas con actividad física baja o inactiva disminuyó de 62,6% a 28,1% post-test. Respecto al estadio del cambio la mayoría de los individuos se ubicaron en “preparación” pre-test y algunos de ellos avanzaron a la etapa de acción post-test. Conclusión: La promoción de programas de formación en hábitos saludables ayuda a los empleados a adquirir conocimientos y habilidades para incidir en cambios de hábitos y estado nutricional. metadata Fierro Vaca, Morayma Elizabeth mail mfierro@pronaca.com (2024) Efecto de un programa de educación en hábitos saludables sobre el estado nutricional y la predisposición al cambio de comportamientos en hábitos alimentarios y actividad física, en trabajadores de una empresa Procesadora de Alimentos en Ecuador durante pandemia por Covid-19. Doctoral thesis, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México.
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Los principales factores de riesgo de obesidad entre los trabajadores administrativos son la mala alimentación y la inactividad física. De alguna manera los costos relacionados con los servicios de salud, la productividad y el ausentismo se ven afectados. Por tanto, crear estrategias de formación en hábitos saludables en el entorno laboral puede ser una alternativa útil. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de un programa de educación virtual en hábitos saludables sobre el estado nutricional y la predisposición al cambio de comportamientos alimentarios y de actividad física en trabajadores administrativos durante confinamiento. Metodología: Investigación cuasi-experimental con un diseño pre-test y post-test. La participación fue voluntaria con una muestra de 203 personas firmaron el consentimiento informado. La evaluación utilizó tres cuestionarios: 1) Incluye datos sociodemográficos, antropométricos (IMC, grasa corporal, masa muscular, grasa visceral) y la encuesta de cambio de comportamiento (CEHAF) basado en el Modelo Prochaska. 2) Índice de Alimentación saludable de acuerdo con las Guías Alimentarias para Ecuador (IAS Ecuador) para evaluar la calidad de la dieta y 3) Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad física IPAQ para evaluar la actividad física. Se formaron grupos de 19 a 30 integrantes. Cada grupo recibió talleres virtuales. El programa integra 4 módulos: 1. Introducción a la Vida Saludable, 2. Nutrición, 3. Gastronomía, 4. Actividad física. Resultados: El sobrepeso disminuyó de 47,3% a 44,8% y la obesidad de 30,6% a 18,7% post-test. En relación al IAS Ecuador la proporción de personas con sobrepeso y alimentación saludable, cambió de 14.58% a 60,4%. Las personas obesas con alimentación saludable cambiaron de 12,9% a 57,9% post-test. La proporción de personas con actividad física baja o inactiva disminuyó de 62,6% a 28,1% post-test. Respecto al estadio del cambio la mayoría de los individuos se ubicaron en “preparación” pre-test y algunos de ellos avanzaron a la etapa de acción post-test. Conclusión: La promoción de programas de formación en hábitos saludables ayuda a los empleados a adquirir conocimientos y habilidades para incidir en cambios de hábitos y estado nutricional.
| Tipo de Documento: | Tesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Palabras Clave: | Obesidad, Dieta Saludable, Índice de Masa Corporal, Alimentación, Actividad física |
| Clasificación temática: | Materias > Alimentación |
| Divisiones: | Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Tesis Doctorales |
| Depositado: | 28 Sep 2023 23:30 |
| Ultima Modificación: | 08 Jul 2024 23:30 |
| URI: | https://repositorio.unini.edu.mx/id/eprint/7876 |
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