Documentos donde el Autor es "Altaf, Ayesha"

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Número de documentos: 10.

2024

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad de La Romana > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Accurately predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries is vital for improving battery performance and safety in applications such as consumer electronics and electric vehicles. While the prediction of RUL for these batteries is a well-established field, the current research refines RUL prediction methodologies by leveraging deep learning techniques, advancing prediction accuracy. This study proposes AccuCell Prodigy, a deep learning model that integrates auto-encoders and long short-term memory (LSTM) layers to enhance RUL prediction accuracy and efficiency. The model’s name reflects its precision (“AccuCell”) and predictive strength (“Prodigy”). The proposed methodology involves preparing a dataset of battery operational features, split using an 80–20 ratio for training and testing. Leveraging 22 variations of current (critical parameter) across three Li-ion cells, AccuCell Prodigy significantly reduces prediction errors, achieving a mean square error of 0.1305%, mean absolute error of 2.484%, and root mean square error of 3.613%, with a high R-squared value of 0.9849. These results highlight its robustness and potential for advancing battery health management. metadata Iftikhar, Mahrukh; Shoaib, Muhammad; Altaf, Ayesha; Iqbal, Faiza; Gracia Villar, Santos; Dzul López, Luis Alonso y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, santos.gracia@uneatlantico.es, luis.dzul@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2024) A deep learning approach to optimize remaining useful life prediction for Li-ion batteries. Scientific Reports, 14 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés The essence of quantum machine learning is to optimize problem-solving by executing machine learning algorithms on quantum computers and exploiting potent laws such as superposition and entanglement. Support vector machine (SVM) is widely recognized as one of the most effective classification machine learning techniques currently available. Since, in conventional systems, the SVM kernel technique tends to sluggish down and even fail as datasets become increasingly complex or jumbled. To compare the execution time and accuracy of conventional SVM classification to that of quantum SVM classification, the appropriate quantum features for mapping need to be selected. As the dataset grows complex, the importance of selecting an appropriate feature map that outperforms or performs as well as the classification grows. This paper utilizes conventional SVM to select an optimal feature map and benchmark dataset for predicting air quality. Experimental evidence demonstrates that the precision of quantum SVM surpasses that of classical SVM for air quality assessment. Using quantum labs from IBM’s quantum computer cloud, conventional and quantum computing have been compared. When applied to the same dataset, the conventional SVM achieved an accuracy of 91% and 87% respectively, whereas the quantum SVM demonstrated an accuracy of 97% and 94% respectively for air quality prediction. The study introduces the use of quantum Support Vector Machines (SVM) for predicting air quality. It emphasizes the novel method of choosing the best quantum feature maps. Through the utilization of quantum-enhanced feature mapping, our objective is to exceed the constraints of classical SVM and achieve unparalleled levels of precision and effectiveness. We conduct precise experiments utilizing IBM’s state-of-the-art quantum computer cloud to compare the performance of conventional and quantum SVM algorithms on a shared dataset. metadata Farooq, Omer; Shahid, Maida; Arshad, Shazia; Altaf, Ayesha; Iqbal, Faiza; Vera, Yini Airet Miro; Flores, Miguel Angel Lopez y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR (2024) An enhanced approach for predicting air pollution using quantum support vector machine. Scientific Reports, 14 (1). ISSN 2045-2322

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Fundación Universitaria Internacional de Colombia > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés The IoT (Internet of Things) has played a promising role in e-healthcare applications during the last decade. Medical sensors record a variety of data and transmit them over the IoT network to facilitate remote patient monitoring. When a patient visits a hospital he may need to connect or disconnect medical devices from the medical healthcare system frequently. Also, multiple entities (e.g., doctors, medical staff, etc.) need access to patient data and require distinct sets of patient data. As a result of the dynamic nature of medical devices, medical users require frequent access to data, which raises complex security concerns. Granting access to a whole set of data creates privacy issues. Also, each of these medical user need to grant access rights to a specific set of medical data, which is quite a tedious task. In order to provide role-based access to medical users, this study proposes a blockchain-based framework for authenticating multiple entities based on the trust domain to reduce the administrative burden. This study is further validated by simulation on the infura blockchain using solidity and Python. The results demonstrate that role-based authorization and multi-entities authentication have been implemented and the owner of medical data can control access rights at any time and grant medical users easy access to a set of data in a healthcare system. The system has minimal latency compared to existing blockchain systems that lack multi-entity authentication and role-based authorization. metadata Alam, Shadab; Aslam, Muhammad Shehzad; Altaf, Ayesha; Iqbal, Faiza; Nigar, Natasha; Castanedo Galán, Juan; Gavilanes Aray, Daniel; Díez, Isabel de la Torre y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, juan.castanedo@uneatlantico.es, daniel.gavilanes@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2024) Novel model to authenticate role-based medical users for blockchain-based IoMT devices. PLOS ONE, 19 (7). e0304774. ISSN 1932-6203

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Fundación Universitaria Internacional de Colombia > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Requirements specifications written in natural language enable us to understand a program’s intended functionality, which we can then translate into operational software. At varying stages of requirement specification, multiple ambiguities emerge. Ambiguities may appear at several levels including the syntactic, semantic, domain, lexical, and pragmatic levels. The primary objective of this study is to identify requirements’ pragmatic ambiguity. Pragmatic ambiguity occurs when the same set of circumstances can be interpreted in multiple ways. It requires consideration of the context statement of the requirements. Prior research has developed methods for obtaining concepts based on individual nodes, so there is room for improvement in the requirements interpretation procedure. This research aims to develop a more effective model for identifying pragmatic ambiguity in requirement definition. To better interpret requirements, we introduced the Concept Maximum Matching (CMM) technique, which extracts concepts based on edges. The CMM technique significantly improves precision because it permits a more accurate interpretation of requirements based on the relative weight of their edges. Obtaining an F-measure score of 0.754 as opposed to 0.563 in existing models, the evaluation results demonstrate that CMM is a substantial improvement over the previous method. metadata Aslam, Khadija; Iqbal, Faiza; Altaf, Ayesha; Hussain, Naveed; Gracia Villar, Mónica; Soriano Flores, Emmanuel; Diez, Isabel De La Torre y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, monica.gracia@uneatlantico.es, emmanuel.soriano@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2024) Detecting Pragmatic Ambiguity in Requirement Specification Using Novel Concept Maximum Matching Approach Based on Graph Network. IEEE Access. p. 1. ISSN 2169-3536

2023

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Internet security is a major concern these days due to the increasing demand for information technology (IT)-based platforms and cloud computing. With its expansion, the Internet has been facing various types of attacks. Viruses, denial of service (DoS) attacks, distributed DoS (DDoS) attacks, code injection attacks, and spoofing are the most common types of attacks in the modern era. Due to the expansion of IT, the volume and severity of network attacks have been increasing lately. DoS and DDoS are the most frequently reported network traffic attacks. Traditional solutions such as intrusion detection systems and firewalls cannot detect complex DDoS and DoS attacks. With the integration of artificial intelligence-based machine learning and deep learning methods, several novel approaches have been presented for DoS and DDoS detection. In particular, deep learning models have played a crucial role in detecting DDoS attacks due to their exceptional performance. This study adopts deep learning models including recurrent neural network (RNN), long short-term memory (LSTM), and gradient recurrent unit (GRU) to detect DDoS attacks on the most recent dataset, CICDDoS2019, and a comparative analysis is conducted with the CICIDS2017 dataset. The comparative analysis contributes to the development of a competent and accurate method for detecting DDoS attacks with reduced execution time and complexity. The experimental results demonstrate that models perform equally well on the CICDDoS2019 dataset with an accuracy score of 0.99, but there is a difference in execution time, with GRU showing less execution time than those of RNN and LSTM. metadata Ramzan, Mahrukh; Shoaib, Muhammad; Altaf, Ayesha; Arshad, Shazia; Iqbal, Faiza; Kuc Castilla, Ángel Gabriel y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR (2023) Distributed Denial of Service Attack Detection in Network Traffic Using Deep Learning Algorithm. Sensors, 23 (20). p. 8642. ISSN 1424-8220

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Fundación Universitaria Internacional de Colombia > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés The rising popularity of online shopping has led to a steady stream of new product evaluations. Consumers benefit from these evaluations as they make purchasing decisions. Many research projects rank products using these reviews, however, most of these methodologies have ignored negative polarity while evaluating products for client needs. The main contribution of this research is the inclusion of negative polarity in the analysis of product rankings alongside positive polarity. To account for reviews that contain many sentiments and different elements, the suggested method first breaks them down into sentences. This process aids in determining the polarity of products at the phrase level by extracting elements from product evaluations. The next step is to link the polarity to the review’s sentence-level features. Products are prioritized following user needs by assigning relative importance to each of the polarities. The Amazon review dataset has been used in the experimental assessments so that the efficacy of the suggested approach can be estimated. Experimental evaluation of PRUS utilizes rank score ( RS ) and normalized discounted cumulative gain ( nDCG ) score. Results indicate that PRUS gives independence to the user to select recommended list based on specific features with respect to positive or negative aspects of the products. metadata Hussain, Naveed; Mirza, Hamid Turab; Iqbal, Faiza; Altaf, Ayesha; Shoukat, Ahtsham; Gracia Villar, Mónica; Soriano Flores, Emmanuel; Rojo Gutiérrez, Marco Antonio y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, monica.gracia@uneatlantico.es, emmanuel.soriano@uneatlantico.es, marco.rojo@unini.edu.mx, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2023) PRUS: Product Recommender System Based on User Specifications and Customers Reviews. IEEE Access, 11. pp. 81289-81297. ISSN 2169-3536

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Fundación Universitaria Internacional de Colombia > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés The rapid generation of data from various sources by the public sector, private corporations, business associations, and local communities is referred to as big data. This large and complex dataset is often regarded as the ‘new oil’ by public administrations (PAs), and data-driven approaches are employed to transform it into valuable insights that can improve governance, transparency, digital services, and public engagement. The government’s big-data ecosystem (GBDE) is a result of this initiative. Effective data management is the first step towards large-scale data analysis, which yields insights that benefit your work and your customers. However, managing big data throughout its life cycle is a daunting challenge for public agencies. Despite its widespread use, big data management is still a significant obstacle. To address this issue, this study proposes a hybrid approach to secure the data management life cycle for GBDE. Specifically, we use a combination of the ECC algorithm with AES 128 BITS encryption to ensure that the data remain confidential and secure. We identified and analyzed various data life cycle models through a systematic literature review to create a data management life cycle for data-driven governments. This approach enhances the security and privacy of data management and addresses the challenges faced by public agencies. metadata Zahid, Reeba; Altaf, Ayesha; Ahmad, Tauqir; Iqbal, Faiza; Miró Vera, Yini Airet; López Flores, Miguel Ángel y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, yini.miro@uneatlantico.es, miguelangel.lopez@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2023) Secure Data Management Life Cycle for Government Big-Data Ecosystem: Design and Development Perspective. Systems, 11 (8). p. 380. ISSN 2079-8954

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Internet of Things (IoT) has made significant strides in energy management systems recently. Due to the continually increasing cost of energy, supply–demand disparities, and rising carbon footprints, the need for smart homes for monitoring, managing, and conserving energy has increased. In IoT-based systems, device data are delivered to the network edge before being stored in the fog or cloud for further transactions. This raises worries about the data’s security, privacy, and veracity. It is vital to monitor who accesses and updates this information to protect IoT end-users linked to IoT devices. Smart meters are installed in smart homes and are susceptible to numerous cyber attacks. Access to IoT devices and related data must be secured to prevent misuse and protect IoT users’ privacy. The purpose of this research was to design a blockchain-based edge computing method for securing the smart home system, in conjunction with machine learning techniques, in order to construct a secure smart home system with energy usage prediction and user profiling. The research proposes a blockchain-based smart home system that can continuously monitor IoT-enabled smart home appliances such as smart microwaves, dishwashers, furnaces, and refrigerators, among others. An approach based on machine learning was utilized to train the auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model for energy usage prediction, which is provided in the user’s wallet, to estimate energy consumption and maintain user profiles. The model was tested using the moving average statistical model, the ARIMA model, and the deep-learning-based long short-term memory (LSTM) model on a dataset of smart-home-based energy usage under changing weather conditions. The findings of the analysis reveal that the LSTM model accurately forecasts the energy usage of smart homes. metadata Iqbal, Faiza; Altaf, Ayesha; Waris, Zeest; Gavilanes Aray, Daniel; López Flores, Miguel Ángel; Díez, Isabel de la Torre y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, daniel.gavilanes@uneatlantico.es, miguelangel.lopez@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2023) Blockchain-Modeled Edge-Computing-Based Smart Home Monitoring System with Energy Usage Prediction. Sensors, 23 (11). p. 5263. ISSN 1424-8220

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Fundación Universitaria Internacional de Colombia > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Traffic accidents present significant risks to human life, leading to a high number of fatalities and injuries. According to the World Health Organization’s 2022 worldwide status report on road safety, there were 27,582 deaths linked to traffic-related events, including 4448 fatalities at the collision scenes. Drunk driving is one of the leading causes contributing to the rising count of deadly accidents. Current methods to assess driver alcohol consumption are vulnerable to network risks, such as data corruption, identity theft, and man-in-the-middle attacks. In addition, these systems are subject to security restrictions that have been largely overlooked in earlier research focused on driver information. This study intends to develop a platform that combines the Internet of Things (IoT) with blockchain technology in order to address these concerns and improve the security of user data. In this work, we present a device- and blockchain-based dashboard solution for a centralized police monitoring account. The equipment is responsible for determining the driver’s impairment level by monitoring the driver’s blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and the stability of the vehicle. At predetermined times, integrated blockchain transactions are executed, transmitting data straight to the central police account. This eliminates the need for a central server, ensuring the immutability of data and the existence of blockchain transactions that are independent of any central authority. Our system delivers scalability, compatibility, and faster execution times by adopting this approach. Through comparative research, we have identified a significant increase in the need for security measures in relevant scenarios, highlighting the importance of our suggested model. metadata Farooq, Hamza; Altaf, Ayesha; Iqbal, Faiza; Castanedo Galán, Juan; Gavilanes Aray, Daniel y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, juan.castanedo@uneatlantico.es, daniel.gavilanes@uneatlantico.es, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2023) DrunkChain: Blockchain-Based IoT System for Preventing Drunk Driving-Related Traffic Accidents. Sensors, 23 (12). p. 5388. ISSN 1424-8220

Artículo Materias > Ingeniería Universidad Europea del Atlántico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana México > Investigación > Artículos y libros
Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana Puerto Rico > Investigación > Producción Científica
Universidad Internacional do Cuanza > Investigación > Producción Científica
Abierto Inglés Recent developments in quantum computing have shed light on the shortcomings of the conventional public cryptosystem. Even while Shor’s algorithm cannot yet be implemented on quantum computers, it indicates that asymmetric key encryption will not be practicable or secure in the near future. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has started looking for a post-quantum encryption algorithm that is resistant to the development of future quantum computers as a response to this security concern. The current focus is on standardizing asymmetric cryptography that should be impenetrable by a quantum computer. This has become increasingly important in recent years. Currently, the process of standardizing asymmetric cryptography is coming very close to being finished. This study evaluated the performance of two post-quantum cryptography (PQC) algorithms, both of which were selected as NIST fourth-round finalists. The research assessed the key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation operations, providing insights into their efficiency and suitability for real-world applications. Further research and standardization efforts are required to enable secure and efficient post-quantum encryption. When selecting appropriate post-quantum encryption algorithms for specific applications, factors such as security levels, performance requirements, key sizes, and platform compatibility should be taken into account. This paper provides helpful insight for post-quantum cryptography researchers and practitioners, assisting in the decision-making process for selecting appropriate algorithms to protect confidential data in the age of quantum computing. metadata Farooq, Sana; Altaf, Ayesha; Iqbal, Faiza; Bautista Thompson, Ernesto; Ramírez-Vargas, Debora L.; Díez, Isabel de la Torre y Ashraf, Imran mail SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR, ernesto.bautista@unini.edu.mx, debora.ramirez@unini.edu.mx, SIN ESPECIFICAR, SIN ESPECIFICAR (2023) Resilience Optimization of Post-Quantum Cryptography Key Encapsulation Algorithms. Sensors, 23 (12). p. 5379. ISSN 1424-8220

Este listado fue generado el Sun May 17 00:13:19 2026 UTC.

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Association between socioeconomic and health variables and community-acquired pneumonia mortality rates in Chile from 1990 to 2021

Objectives To describe long-term trends in mortality attributed to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Chile from 1990 to 2021, stratified by age group, and to evaluate associations with selected socioeconomic and demographic indicators. Study design Ecological, observational, longitudinal study using national secondary data. Methods CAP mortality rates were analyzed for the total population and by age group. Associations with the Human Development Index (HDI), poverty rate, aging index, and life expectancy at birth were examined using a hierarchical analytical approach. This included Spearman's rank correlation for initial exploration, multivariable linear regression to assess adjusted associations, and Prais–Winsten generalized least squares regression to account for first-order autocorrelation and shared temporal trends. Stationarity was evaluated using augmented Dickey–Fuller tests, with supplementary analyses using first-differenced variables. Missing data were imputed using time-based regression or interpolation, with sensitivity analyses performed. Results CAP mortality declined substantially across all age groups over the study period. Strong bivariate correlations were observed between mortality and all socioeconomic indicators; however, these associations were attenuated after adjustment for confounding and temporal autocorrelation. In multivariable and time-series models, HDI and the aging index remained significantly associated with CAP mortality in children (0–9 years) and older adults (≥65 years), whereas associations in intermediate age groups were not robust after accounting for shared secular trends. Poverty and life expectancy did not demonstrate independent associations in adjusted models. Conclusions CAP mortality in Chile has decreased markedly over the past three decades. Associations with socioeconomic indicators are strongest at the extremes of age and persist after accounting for temporal structure, although the ecological design precludes causal inference. These findings highlight the importance of considering demographic and socioeconomic context in population-level analyses of infectious disease outcomes.

Artículos y libros

Italo Salvador López Muñoz mail italo.lopez@doctorado.unini.edu.mx, Maria Loreto Romero Ladrón de Guevara mail , Christian R. Mejia mail , Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales mail , Aldo Alvarez-Risco mail , Neal M. Davies mail , Jaime A. Yáñez mail ,

López Muñoz

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An Integrated Machine Learning and Genomic Framework for Precise Detection of Gastric Cancer

This study presents a novel integrative approach for the analysis of high-dimensional gene expression data, leveraging the complementary strengths of unsupervised clustering and supervised classification. Using K-means clustering, the dataset is stratified into three distinct clusters, revealing intrinsic biological patterns and relationships. The resulting cluster assignments are subsequently employed as pseudo-labels to train machine learning models, including support vector machines, random forest, and a stacking ensemble classifier. To validate and enhance the robustness of clustering, complementary methodologies such as hierarchical clustering and DBSCAN are employed, with results visualized through PCA-driven dimensionality reduction. The high predictive accuracy achieved by the classifiers underscores the separability and reliability of the identified clusters. Furthermore, feature importance analysis highlighted key genetic determinants within each cluster, offering actionable insights into potential biomarkers and critical genomic features. This framework bridges the gap between exploratory unsupervised learning and predictive supervised modeling, providing a scalable and interpretable methodology for analyzing complex genomic datasets. Its applicability extends to biomarker discovery, patient stratification, and other precision medicine applications, emphasizing its utility in advancing genomic research and clinical practice.

Producción Científica

Eshmal Iman mail , Sohail Jabbar mail , Shabana Ramzan mail , Ali Raza mail , Farwa Raoof mail , Stefanía Carvajal-Altamiranda mail stefania.carvajal@uneatlantico.es, Vivian Lipari mail vivian.lipari@uneatlantico.es, Imran Ashraf mail ,

Iman

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A novel approach for disease and pests detection in potato production system based on deep learning

Vulnerability of potato crops to diseases and pest infestation can affect its quality and lead to significant yield losses. Timely detection of such diseases can help take effective decisions. For this purpose, a deep learning-based object detection framework is designed in this study to identify and classify major potato diseases and pests under real-world field conditions. A total of 2,688 field images were collected from two research farms in Punjab, Pakistan, across multiple growth stages in various seasonal conditions. Excluding 285 symptoms-free images from the earliest collection led to 2,403 images which were annotated into four biotic-stress classes: blight disease (n = 630), leaf spot disease (n = 370), leafroll virus (viral symptom complex; n = 888), and Colorado potato beetle (larvae/adults; n = 515), indicating class imbalance. Several state-of-the-art models were used including YOLOv8 variants (n/s/m), YOLOv7, YOLOv5, and Faster R-CNN, and the results are discussed in relation to recent potato disease classification studies involving cropped leaf images. Stratified splitting (70% training, 20% validation, 10% testing) was applied to preserve class distribution across all subsets. YOLOv8-medium achieve the best performance with mean average precision (mAP)@0.5 of 98% on the held-out test images. Results for stable 5-fold cross-validation show a mean mAP@0.5 of 97.8%, which offers a balance between accuracy and inference time. Model robustness was evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation and repeated training with different random seeds, showing a low variance of ±0.4% mAP. Results demonstrate promising outcomes under the real-world field conditions, while, broader cross-region and cross-season validation is intended for the future.

Producción Científica

Ahmed Abbas mail , Saif Ur Rehman mail , Khalid Mahmood mail , Santos Gracia Villar mail santos.gracia@uneatlantico.es, Luis Alonso Dzul López mail luis.dzul@uneatlantico.es, Aseel Smerat mail , Imran Ashraf mail ,

Abbas

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Concern for mpox infection in Latin America

Background Mpox arrived in Latin America and quickly began to replicate, so it is important to measure the concern it generates among residents. The study aims to assess whether country or other factors are associated with concern about mpox infection in Latin America. Methods The study uses a cross-sectional, multicenter design. Sampling was conducted using non-random snowball sampling. From August to September 2022, concern about being infected with mpox was assessed using a previously validated questionnaire (Cronbach's Alpha: 0.85); it was divided into nine countries and other social variables. Results From 1404 respondents, the majority of respondents were female (60.3%) and young (median age 25 years); also, a few reported that it was a significant problem (6% almost all the time and 11% often) and were concerned (6% almost all the time and 11% often) about the possibility of mpox infection. In multivariate analysis, men (aPR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.73–0.99; p-value=0.046), younger (aPR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97–0.99; p-value<0.001), single (aPR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62–0.99; p-value=0.042) and, compared to Peru, those living in Colombia (aPR: 0.75; 95% CI. 0.58–0.97; p-value=0.027) and Costa Rica (aPR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.44–0.96; p-value=0.032) reported the lowest concern; also, Bolivia (aPR: 1.16; 95% CI: 0.94–1.43; p-value=0.176) and Honduras (aPR: 1.01; 95% CI: 0.80–1.27; p-value=0.943) reported that their concerns tend to be higher. Conclusions There were evident differences across respondents' countries; these baseline results show that the first report was made in many countries that were also significantly affected by mpox and now face a new epidemic threatening public health.

Artículos y libros

Christian R. Mejia mail , Aldo Alvarez-Risco mail , Luciana Daniela Garlisi-Torales mail , Telmo Raúl Aveiro mail , Jamil Cedillo-Balcázar mail , Néstor Valentin Rocha-Saravia mail , Andrea Retana-González mail , Medally C. Paucar mail , Beatriz Mejia Raudales mail , Jose Armada mail , Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales mail , Neal M. Davies mail , Jaime A. Yáñez mail jaime.yanez@unini.edu.mx,

Mejia

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Fish consumption and brain structure: a comprehensive systematic review of observational studies

Background Age-related structural changes in the human brain, including cortical atrophy, reductions in grey and white matter volumes, and the accumulation of small vessel–related lesions such as white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and cerebral microbleeds, represent critical biological substrates underlying cognitive decline and dementia. Fish consumption has been associated with slower cognitive decline and reduced risk of dementia, but a comprehensive evaluation of its relation with brain structures is lacking. Aims The aim of this study was to systematically review current scientific literature providing evidence of relation between fish intake and brain structures in human studies. Methods Studies indexed in two major electronic databases have been screened based on a combination of keywords and MeSH terms. Studies were eligible whether they assessed fish consumption in relation to brain structures in the adult populations. Results A total of 24 studies conducted predominantly on older adults met inclusion criteria. Most brain volume measures were obtained via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) procedures. Higher fish consumption was associated with reduced severity of white matter hyperintensities (a biomarker of cerebral small vessel disease and white matter damage) and cerebral micro-bleed, preservation of certain brain areas volumes (i.e., hippocampus, temporal lobe and periventricle white matter) and cortical thickness of specific areas (i.e., precuneus, parietal, and cingulate grey matter), among others, compared to lower intake. Some analyses found no association and isolated findings suggested possible adverse associations that were not consistently replicated. Studies reporting null findings may underline the possible relevance of the overall diet (i.e., adherence to the Mediterranean diet). Conclusions Inclusion of fish in a healthy and balanced diet is associated with better white matter grades on MRI and slower progression of white matter hyperintensities and reduction of vascular-related lesions of the aging brain, suggesting a potential role in preventing neurocognitive deterioration. Heterogeneity across studies underscores the need for additional studies.

Producción Científica

Justyna Godos mail , Giuseppe Caruso mail , Agnieszka Micek mail , Alberto Dolci mail , Zoltan Ungvari mail , Andrea Lehoczki mail , Lisandra León Brizuela mail , Evelyn Frias-Toral mail , Andrea Di Mauro mail , Mario Siervo mail , Michelino Di Rosa mail , Giuseppe Grosso mail ,

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